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<p>为什么不用它呢?</p>
<ul>
<li>非常好解释, 配置和调用方式等非常混乱.</li>
<li>编码起来看起来就非常蛋疼.</li>
<li>所以真实开发中很少直接使用, 而是使用jQuery-Ajax</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="jQuery-Ajax"><a href="#jQuery-Ajax" class="headerlink" title="jQuery-Ajax"></a>jQuery-Ajax</h3><p>选择二: 在前面的学习中, 我们经常会使用jQuery-Ajax</p>
<ul>
<li>相对于传统的Ajax非常好用.</li>
</ul>
<p>为什么不选择它呢?</p>
<ul>
<li>首先, 我们先明确一点: 在Vue的整个开发中都是不需要使用jQuery了.</li>
<li>那么, 就意味着为了方便我们进行一个网络请求, 特意引用一个jQuery, 你觉得合理吗?</li>
<li>jQuery的代码1w+行.</li>
<li>Vue的代码才1w+行.</li>
<li>完全没有必要为了用网络请求就引用这个重量级的框架.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="Vue-resource"><a href="#Vue-resource" class="headerlink" title="Vue-resource"></a>Vue-resource</h3><p>选择三: 官方在Vue1.x的时候, 推出了Vue-resource.</p>
<ul>
<li>Vue-resource的体积相对于jQuery小很多.</li>
<li>另外Vue-resource是官方推出的.</li>
</ul>
<p>为什么不选择它呢?</p>
<ul>
<li>在Vue2.0退出后, Vue作者就在GitHub的Issues中说明了去掉vue-resource, 并且以后也不会再更新.</li>
<li>那么意味着以后vue-reource不再支持新的版本时, 也不会再继续更新和维护.</li>
<li>对以后的项目开发和维护都存在很大的隐患.</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="Axios"><a href="#Axios" class="headerlink" title="Axios"></a>Axios</h3><p>作者推荐,axios有非常多的优点, 并且用起来也非常方便.ajax i/o system</p>
<p>功能特点:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>在浏览器中发送 XMLHttpRequests 请求</p>
</li>
<li><p>在 node.js 中发送 http请求</p>
</li>
<li><p>支持 Promise API</p>
</li>
<li><p>拦截请求和响应</p>
</li>
<li><p>转换请求和响应数据等待</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="axiox请求方式"><a href="#axiox请求方式" class="headerlink" title="axiox请求方式"></a>axiox请求方式</h2><ul>
<li><p>axios(config)</p>
</li>
<li><p>axios.request(config)</p>
</li>
<li><p>axios.get(url[, config])</p>
</li>
<li><p>axios.delete(url[, config])</p>
</li>
<li><p>axios.head(url[, config])</p>
</li>
<li><p>axios.post(url[, data[, config]])</p>
</li>
<li><p>axios.put(url[, data[, config]])</p>
</li>
<li><p>axios.patch(url[, data[, config]])</p>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="基本使用"><a href="#基本使用" class="headerlink" title="基本使用"></a>基本使用</h2><p><code>npm install axios --save</code>下载axios。这里的请求地址后端做了跨域处理</p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703154207.png" alt="image-20200703154205472"></p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703154534.png" alt="image-20200703154532842"></p>
<h2 id="get请求的参数拼接"><a href="#get请求的参数拼接" class="headerlink" title="get请求的参数拼接"></a>get请求的参数拼接</h2><p>通过<code>params</code>属性对象对get请求参数拼接</p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703155022.png" alt="image-20200703155020429"></p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703155134.png" alt="image-20200703155133082"></p>
<h2 id="发送并发请求"><a href="#发送并发请求" class="headerlink" title="发送并发请求"></a><strong>发送并发请求</strong></h2><p>有时候, 我们可能需求同时发送两个请求</p>
<p>使用<code>axios.all</code>, 可以放入多个请求的数组.</p>
<p><code>axios.all([])</code> 返回的结果是一个数组，使用 <code>axios.spread</code> 可将数组 [res1,res2] 展开为 res1, res2</p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703155402.png" alt="image-20200703155401035"></p>
<p>返回的结果是一个数组对象</p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703155443.png" alt="image-20200703155442262"></p>
<p>使用 <code>axios.spread</code> 可将数组 [res1,res2] 展开为 res1, res2</p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703155629.png" alt="image-20200703155627964"></p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703155650.png" alt="image-20200703155646197"></p>
<h2 id="全局配置"><a href="#全局配置" class="headerlink" title="全局配置"></a>全局配置</h2><p>事实上, 在开发中可能很多参数都是固定的.</p>
<p>这个时候我们可以进行一些抽取, 也可以利用axiox的全局配置</p>
<p><code>axios.defaults.baseURL = ‘123.207.32.32:8000’</code></p>
<p><code>axios.defaults.headers.post[‘Content-Type’] = ‘application/x-www-form-urlencoded’;</code></p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703160123.png" alt="image-20200703160122263"></p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703155922.png" alt="image-20200703155920894"></p>
<p>通过配置全局的baseURL可以省略掉这前面固定的部分，发送请求只需要填写后面的部分即可组合起来请求地址，发送请求。</p>
<h2 id="axios的实例"><a href="#axios的实例" class="headerlink" title="axios的实例"></a><strong>axios的实例</strong></h2><p>为什么要创建axios的实例呢?</p>
<ul>
<li><p>当我们从axios模块中导入对象时, 使用的实例是默认的实例.</p>
</li>
<li><p>当给该实例设置一些默认配置时, 这些配置就被固定下来了.</p>
</li>
<li><p>但是后续开发中, 某些配置可能会不太一样.</p>
</li>
<li><p>比如某些请求需要使用特定的baseURL或者timeout或者content-Type等.</p>
</li>
<li><p>这个时候, 我们就可以创建新的实例, 并且传入属于该实例的配置信息.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>通过<code>axios.create()</code>创建axios实例</p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703160948.png" alt="image-20200703160946691"></p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703161110.png" alt="image-20200703161109543"></p>
<h2 id="axios封装"><a href="#axios封装" class="headerlink" title="axios封装"></a><strong>axios封装</strong></h2><p>创建network目录创建request.js对axios进行封装</p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703161311.png" alt="image-20200703161310249"></p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> axios <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">&quot;axios&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span> <span class="title">request</span>(<span class="params">config</span>) </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">new</span> <span class="built_in">Promise</span>(<span class="function">(<span class="params">resolve, reject</span>) =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//1.创建axios的实例</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">const</span> instance = axios.create(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">      <span class="attr">baseURL</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;http://123.207.32.32:8000/&#x27;</span>,</span><br><span class="line">      <span class="attr">timeout</span>: <span class="number">50000</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#125;)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//发送网络请求</span></span><br><span class="line">    instance(config)</span><br><span class="line">      .then(<span class="function"><span class="params">res</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        resolve(res)</span><br><span class="line">      &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">      .catch(<span class="function"><span class="params">err</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        reject(err)</span><br><span class="line">      &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">  &#125;)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>使用封装好的axios发送请求</p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703161411.png" alt="image-20200703161410354"></p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> &#123;request&#125; <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">&quot;./network/request&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">request(&#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="attr">url</span>: <span class="string">&#x27;home/multidata&#x27;</span></span><br><span class="line">&#125;).then(<span class="function"><span class="params">res</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(res)</span><br><span class="line">&#125;).catch(<span class="function"><span class="params">err</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">  <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(err);</span><br><span class="line">&#125;)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703161523.png" alt="image-20200703161521788"></p>
<h2 id="拦截器"><a href="#拦截器" class="headerlink" title="拦截器"></a>拦截器</h2><p>axios提供了拦截器，用于我们在发送每次请求或者得到相应后，进行对应的处理。</p>
<p>如何使用拦截器呢？</p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703163145.png" alt="image-20200703163142254"></p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703162706.png" alt="image-20200703162705091"></p>
<p>拦截请求之后，要<code>return config</code>否则报错。拦截想要之后要将相应的数据<code>return response.data</code></p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703162714.png" alt="image-20200703162712489"></p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703162822.png" alt="image-20200703162820755"></p>
<p>请求拦截可以做到的事情</p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703162838.png" alt="image-20200703162836571"></p>
<p>请求拦截中错误拦截较少，通常都是配置相关的拦截</p>
<p>可能的错误比如请求超时，可以将页面跳转到一个错误页面中。</p>
<p><strong>响应拦截中完成的事情：响应的成功拦截中，主要是对数据进行过滤。</strong></p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703163009.png" alt="image-20200703163007789"></p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703163019.png" alt="image-20200703163017952"></p>
<p>响应的失败拦截中，可以根据status判断报错的错误码，跳转到不同的错误提示页面。</p>
<p><img src= "https://gitee.com/kylincw/images/raw/master/loading.gif" data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/img/20200703163031.png" alt="image-20200703163029994"></p>
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class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#Axios"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">Axios</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#axiox%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">axiox请求方式</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8"><span class="toc-number">3.</span> <span class="toc-text">基本使用</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#get%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E6%8B%BC%E6%8E%A5"><span class="toc-number">4.</span> <span class="toc-text">get请求的参数拼接</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%8F%91%E9%80%81%E5%B9%B6%E5%8F%91%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82"><span class="toc-number">5.</span> <span class="toc-text">发送并发请求</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E5%85%A8%E5%B1%80%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE"><span class="toc-number">6.</span> <span class="toc-text">全局配置</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#axios%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9E%E4%BE%8B"><span class="toc-number">7.</span> <span class="toc-text">axios的实例</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#axios%E5%B0%81%E8%A3%85"><span class="toc-number">8.</span> <span class="toc-text">axios封装</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#%E6%8B%A6%E6%88%AA%E5%99%A8"><span class="toc-number">9.</span> <span class="toc-text">拦截器</span></a></li></ol></div></div><div class="card-widget card-recent-post"><div class="item-headline"><i class="fas fa-history"></i><span>最新文章</span></div><div class="aside-list"><div class="aside-list-item"><a class="thumbnail" href="/56352.html" title="be动词"><img data-lazy-src="https://qiniu.codekylin.cn/github/img/img/博客封面10.png" 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